糊涂塔克学习笔记01 Arduino+nRF24L01

各位大大好，我是个新手，大概2个月前刚开始学习Arduino（为了参加一个比赛），在极客工坊潜水很久，学习了很多东西，现在也想把这段时间学习的东西和大家分享。

我看到论坛里关于无线发射模块的资料比较少，所以我来发一个无线方面的学习笔记，关于nRF24L01

关于无线模块大家比较熟悉的可能是APC220和Xbee这两种无线模块，网上的资料也很多，我也就不班门弄斧了，但这两种无线模块价格比较贵（因为这个比赛有一个要求是对成本的控制），所以我后来开始研究nRF24L01来进行2个Arduino板子之间的通讯（2块nRF24L01只有36块钱）

关于nRF24L01，工作于2.4 GHz～2.5 GHz ISM频段，最高工作速率2Mbps，125 频道，满足多点通信和跳频通信需要，低功耗1.9 - 3.6V 工作，待机模式下状态为22uA；掉电模式下为900nA，可以用SPI控制

2012-6-16 14:25 上传
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2012-6-16 14:24 上传
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首先你需要有2块Arduino开发板和2块nRF24L01通信芯片，一个作为发射，一个作为接收。如果你使用的是标准的Arduino开发板，请注意使用开发板上的3.3V pin 作为电源，因为nRF24L01的工作电压是1.9~3.6V，如果使用5V的供电口会把nRF24L01芯片烧坏。

测试程序原文地址：http://www.elecfreaks.com/203.html

这个测试程序的接口如下：

GND – GND, VCC – 3.3V, CS – D8, CSN – D9, SCK – D10, MOSI – D11, MISO – D12, IRQ – D13

（IRQ这个口在这个例程中并没有用到，所以可以不接）

接好后的示意图如下：

2012-6-16 14:32 上传
(5.39 KB)

这个测试程序是发射端不断发送0x00到0XFF的数据给接收端（程序中用到的头文件打包在附件里）

先是发射端的代码：ARDUINO 代码复制打印

/***********************************************************************Device:nRF24L01+                ****File: EF_nRF24L01_TX.c              ****                      ****                      ****Copyright (C) 2011 ElecFraks.           ****This example code is in the public domain.        ****                      ****Description:                  ****This file is a sample code for your reference.      ****It's the v1.1 nRF24L01+ by arduino          ****Created by ElecFreaks. Robi.W,24 July 2011        ****                      ****http://www.elecfreaks.com             ****                      **** SPI-compatible                 **** CS - to digital pin 8              **** CSN - to digital pin 9(SS pin)           **** SCK - to digital pin 10 (SCK pin)          **** MOSI - to digital pin 11 (MOSI pin)          **** MISO - to digital pin 12 (MISO pin)          **** IRQ - to digital pin 13 (MISO pin)         ***********************************************************************/#include "NRF24L01.h"//***************************************************#define TX_ADR_WIDTH  5 // 5 unsigned chars TX(RX) address width#define TX_PLOAD_WIDTH32// 32 unsigned chars TX payloadunsigned char TX_ADDRESS[TX_ADR_WIDTH]= {0x34,0x43,0x10,0x10,0x01}; // Define a static TX addressunsigned char rx_buf[TX_PLOAD_WIDTH] = {

Function: SPI_RW();



Description:

Writes one unsigned char to nRF24L01, and return the unsigned char read

from nRF24L01 during write, according to SPI protocol


**************************************************/


unsigned char SPI_RW(unsigned char Byte)


{


unsigned char i;


for(i=0;i<8;i++)        // output 8-bit


{


if(Byte&0x80)


{


digitalWrite(MOSI, 1);


}


else


{


digitalWrite(MOSI, 0);


}


digitalWrite(SCK, 1);


Byte <<= 1;         // shift next bit into MSB..


if(digitalRead(MISO) == 1)


{


Byte |= 1;           // capture current MISO bit


}


digitalWrite(SCK, 0);


}


return(Byte);         // return read unsigned char


}


/**************************************************/





/**************************************************<br />
Function: SPI_RW_Reg();



Description:

Writes value 'value' to register 'reg'


/**************************************************/


unsigned char SPI_RW_Reg(unsigned char reg, unsigned char value)


{


unsigned char status;





digitalWrite(CSN, 0);       // CSN low, init SPI transaction


status = SPI_RW(reg);       // select register


SPI_RW(value);        // ..and write value to it..


digitalWrite(CSN, 1);       // CSN high again





return(status);       // return nRF24L01 status unsigned char


}


/**************************************************/





/**************************************************<br />
Function: SPI_Read();



Description:

Read one unsigned char from nRF24L01 register, 'reg'


/**************************************************/


unsigned char SPI_Read(unsigned char reg)


{


unsigned char reg_val;





digitalWrite(CSN, 0);   // CSN low, initialize SPI communication...


SPI_RW(reg);       // Select register to read from..


reg_val = SPI_RW(
Function: SPI_Read_Buf();



Description:

Reads 'unsigned chars' #of unsigned chars from register 'reg'

Typically used to read RX payload, Rx/Tx address


/**************************************************/


unsigned char SPI_Read_Buf(unsigned char reg, unsigned char *pBuf, unsigned char bytes)


{


unsigned char status,i;





digitalWrite(CSN, 0);      // Set CSN low, init SPI tranaction


status = SPI_RW(reg);       // Select register to write to and read status unsigned char





for(i=0;i<bytes;i++)


{


pBuf[i] = SPI_RW();  // Perform SPI_RW to read unsigned char from nRF24L01


}





digitalWrite(CSN, 1);       // Set CSN high again





return(status);      // return nRF24L01 status unsigned char


}


/**************************************************/





/**************************************************<br />
Function: SPI_Write_Buf();



Description:

Writes contents of buffer '*pBuf' to nRF24L01

Typically used to write TX payload, Rx/Tx address


/**************************************************/


unsigned char SPI_Write_Buf(unsigned char reg, unsigned char pBuf, unsigned char bytes)


{


unsigned char status,i;





digitalWrite(CSN, 0);      // Set CSN low, init SPI tranaction


status = SPI_RW(reg);     // Select register to write to and read status unsigned char


for(i=0;i<bytes; i++)     // then write all unsigned char in buffer(pBuf)


{


SPI_RW(*pBuf++);


}


digitalWrite(CSN, 1);       // Set CSN high again


return(status);      // return nRF24L01 status unsigned char


}


/**************************************************/





/**************************************************<br />
Function: TX_Mode();



Description:

This function initializes one nRF24L01 device to

TX mode, set TX address, set RX address for auto.ack,

fill TX payload, select RF channel, datarate & TX pwr.

PWR_UP is set, CRC(2 unsigned chars) is enabled, & PRIM:TX.



ToDo: One high pulse(>10us) on CE will now send this

packet and expext an acknowledgment from the RX device.


**************************************************/


void TX_Mode(void)


{


digitalWrite(CE, 0);





SPI_Write_Buf(WRITE_REG + TX_ADDR, TX_ADDRESS, TX_ADR_WIDTH);  // Writes TX_Address to nRF24L01


SPI_Write_Buf(WRITE_REG + RX_ADDR_P0, TX_ADDRESS, TX_ADR_WIDTH); // RX_Addr0 same as TX_Adr for Auto.Ack





SPI_RW_Reg(WRITE_REG + EN_AA, 0x01);  // Enable Auto.Ack:Pipe0


SPI_RW_Reg(WRITE_REG + EN_RXADDR, 0x01);// Enable Pipe0


SPI_RW_Reg(WRITE_REG + SETUP_RETR, 0x1a); // 500us + 86us, 10 retrans...


SPI_RW_Reg(WRITE_REG + RF_CH, 40);  // Select RF channel 40


SPI_RW_Reg(WRITE_REG + RF_SETUP, 0x07); // TX_PWR:0dBm, Datarate:2Mbps, LNA:HCURR


SPI_RW_Reg(WRITE_REG + CONFIG, 0x0e); // Set PWR_UP bit, enable CRC(2 unsigned chars) & Prim:TX. MAX_RT & TX_DS enabled..


SPI_Write_Buf(WR_TX_PLOAD,tx_buf,TX_PLOAD_WIDTH);





digitalWrite(CE, 1);


}

再是接收端的代码：

ARDUINO 代码复制打印

/***********************************************************************Device:nRF24L01+                ****File: EF_nRF24L01_TX.c              ****                      ****                      ****Copyright (C) 2011 ElecFraks.           ****This example code is in the public domain.        ****                      ****Description:                  ****This file is a sample code for your reference.      ****It's the v1.1 nRF24L01+ by arduino          ****Created by ElecFreaks. Robi.W,24 July 2011        ****                      ****http://www.elecfreaks.com             ****                      **** SPI-compatible                 **** CS - to digital pin 8              **** CSN - to digital pin 9(SS pin)           **** SCK - to digital pin 10 (SCK pin)          **** MOSI - to digital pin 11 (MOSI pin)          **** MISO - to digital pin 12 (MISO pin)          **** IRQ - to digital pin 13 (MISO pin)         ***********************************************************************/#include "NRF24L01.h"//***************************************************#define TX_ADR_WIDTH  5 // 5 unsigned chars TX(RX) address width#define TX_PLOAD_WIDTH32// 32 unsigned chars TX payloadunsigned char TX_ADDRESS[TX_ADR_WIDTH]= {0x34,0x43,0x10,0x10,0x01}; // Define a static TX addressunsigned char rx_buf[TX_PLOAD_WIDTH];unsigned char tx_buf[TX_PLOAD_WIDTH];//***************************************************void setup() {pinMode(CE,OUTPUT);pinMode(SCK, OUTPUT);pinMode(CSN, OUTPUT);pinMode(MOSI,OUTPUT);pinMode(MISO, INPUT);pinMode(IRQ, INPUT);//attachInterrupt(1, _ISR, LOW); // interrupt enableSerial.begin(9600);init_io();        // Initialize IO portunsigned char status=SPI_Read(STATUS);Serial.print("status = ");Serial.println(status,HEX);  // There is read the mode鈥檚 status register, the default value should be 鈥楨鈥? Serial.println("*****************RX_Mode start******************************R");RX_Mode();        // set RX mode}void loop() {for(;;){  unsigned char status = SPI_Read(STATUS);         // read register STATUS's value  if(status&RX_DR)                 // if receive data ready (TX_DS) interrupt  {  SPI_Read_Buf(RD_RX_PLOAD, rx_buf, TX_PLOAD_WIDTH);     // read playload to rx_buf  SPI_RW_Reg(FLUSH_RX,0);              // clear RX_FIFO  for(int i=0; i<32; i++)  {    Serial.print(" ");    Serial.print(rx_buf[i],HEX);          // print rx_buf  }  Serial.println(" ");  }  SPI_RW_Reg(WRITE_REG+STATUS,status);         // clear RX_DR or TX_DS or MAX_RT interrupt flag  delay(1000);}}//**************************************************// Function: init_io();// Description:// flash led one time,chip enable(ready to TX or RX Mode),// Spi disable,Spi clock line init high//**************************************************void init_io(void){digitalWrite(IRQ, 0);digitalWrite(CE, 0);            // chip enabledigitalWrite(CSN, 1);     // Spi disable    }/*************************************************** Function: SPI_RW();* * Description:* Writes one unsigned char to nRF24L01, and return the unsigned char read* from nRF24L01 during write, according to SPI protocol**************************************************/unsigned char SPI_RW(unsigned char Byte){unsigned char i;for(i=0;i<8;i++)        // output 8-bit{  if(Byte&0x80)  {  digitalWrite(MOSI, 1);  // output 'unsigned char', MSB to MOSI  }  else  {  digitalWrite(MOSI, 0);  }  digitalWrite(SCK, 1);        // Set SCK high..  Byte <<= 1;         // shift next bit into MSB..  if(digitalRead(MISO) == 1)  {  Byte |= 1;           // capture current MISO bit  }  digitalWrite(SCK, 0);       // ..then set SCK low again}return(Byte);         // return read unsigned char}/**************************************************//*************************************************** Function: SPI_RW_Reg();* * Description:* Writes value 'value' to register 'reg'/**************************************************/unsigned char SPI_RW_Reg(unsigned char reg, unsigned char value){unsigned char status;digitalWrite(CSN, 0);       // CSN low, init SPI transactionstatus = SPI_RW(reg);       // select registerSPI_RW(value);        // ..and write value to it..digitalWrite(CSN, 1);       // CSN high againreturn(status);       // return nRF24L01 status unsigned char}/**************************************************//*************************************************** Function: SPI_Read();* * Description:* Read one unsigned char from nRF24L01 register, 'reg'/**************************************************/unsigned char SPI_Read(unsigned char reg){unsigned char reg_val;digitalWrite(CSN, 0);   // CSN low, initialize SPI communication...SPI_RW(reg);       // Select register to read from..reg_val = SPI_RW(0);   // ..then read register valuedigitalWrite(CSN, 1);    // CSN high, terminate SPI communicationreturn(reg_val);     // return register value}/**************************************************//*************************************************** Function: SPI_Read_Buf();* * Description:* Reads 'unsigned chars' #of unsigned chars from register 'reg'* Typically used to read RX payload, Rx/Tx address/**************************************************/unsigned char SPI_Read_Buf(unsigned char reg, unsigned char *pBuf, unsigned char bytes){unsigned char status,i;digitalWrite(CSN, 0);      // Set CSN low, init SPI tranactionstatus = SPI_RW(reg);       // Select register to write to and read status unsigned charfor(i=0;i<bytes;i++){  pBuf[i] = SPI_RW(0);  // Perform SPI_RW to read unsigned char from nRF24L01}digitalWrite(CSN, 1);       // Set CSN high againreturn(status);      // return nRF24L01 status unsigned char}/**************************************************//*************************************************** Function: SPI_Write_Buf();* * Description:* Writes contents of buffer '*pBuf' to nRF24L01* Typically used to write TX payload, Rx/Tx address/**************************************************/unsigned char SPI_Write_Buf(unsigned char reg, unsigned char *pBuf, unsigned char bytes){unsigned char status,i;digitalWrite(CSN, 0);       // Set CSN low, init SPI tranactionstatus = SPI_RW(reg);     // Select register to write to and read status unsigned charfor(i=0;i<bytes; i++)     // then write all unsigned char in buffer(*pBuf){  SPI_RW(*pBuf++);}digitalWrite(CSN, 1);      // Set CSN high againreturn(status);      // return nRF24L01 status unsigned char}/**************************************************//*************************************************** Function: RX_Mode();* * Description:* This function initializes one nRF24L01 device to* RX Mode, set RX address, writes RX payload width,* select RF channel, datarate & LNA HCURR.* After init, CE is toggled high, which means that* this device is now ready to receive a datapacket./**************************************************/void RX_Mode(void){digitalWrite(CE, 0);SPI_Write_Buf(WRITE_REG + RX_ADDR_P0, TX_ADDRESS, TX_ADR_WIDTH); // Use the same address on the RX device as the TX deviceSPI_RW_Reg(WRITE_REG + EN_AA, 0x01);  // Enable Auto.Ack:Pipe0SPI_RW_Reg(WRITE_REG + EN_RXADDR, 0x01);// Enable Pipe0SPI_RW_Reg(WRITE_REG + RF_CH, 40);  // Select RF channel 40SPI_RW_Reg(WRITE_REG + RX_PW_P0, TX_PLOAD_WIDTH); // Select same RX payload width as TX Payload widthSPI_RW_Reg(WRITE_REG + RF_SETUP, 0x07); // TX_PWR:0dBm, Datarate:2Mbps, LNA:HCURRSPI_RW_Reg(WRITE_REG + CONFIG, 0x0f); // Set PWR_UP bit, enable CRC(2 unsigned chars) & Prim:RX. RX_DR enabled..digitalWrite(CE, 1);         // Set CE pin high to enable RX device//This device is now ready to receive one packet of 16 unsigned chars payload from a TX device sending to address//'3443101001', with auto acknowledgment, retransmit count of 10, RF channel 40 and datarate = 2Mbps.}/**************************************************/

/*********************************************************************

**Device:nRF24L01+                **

**File: EF_nRF24L01_TX.c              **

**                      **

**                      **

**Copyright (C) 2011 ElecFraks.           **

**This example code is in the public domain.        **

**                      **

**Description:                  **

**This file is a sample code for your reference.      **

**It's the v1.1 nRF24L01+ by arduino          **

**Created by ElecFreaks. Robi.W,24 July 2011        **

**                      **

**http://www.elecfreaks.com             **

**                      **

** SPI-compatible                 **

** CS - to digital pin 8              **

** CSN - to digital pin 9(SS pin)           **

** SCK - to digital pin 10 (SCK pin)          **

** MOSI - to digital pin 11 (MOSI pin)          **

** MISO - to digital pin 12 (MISO pin)          **

** IRQ - to digital pin 13 (MISO pin)         **

*********************************************************************/



#include "NRF24L01.h"



//***************************************************

#define TX_ADR_WIDTH  5 // 5 unsigned chars TX(RX) address width

#define TX_PLOAD_WIDTH32// 32 unsigned chars TX payload



unsigned char TX_ADDRESS[TX_ADR_WIDTH]= 

{

0x34,0x43,0x10,0x10,0x01

}; // Define a static TX address



unsigned char rx_buf[TX_PLOAD_WIDTH];

unsigned char tx_buf[TX_PLOAD_WIDTH];

//***************************************************

void setup() 

{

pinMode(CE,OUTPUT);

pinMode(SCK, OUTPUT);

pinMode(CSN, OUTPUT);

pinMode(MOSI,OUTPUT);

pinMode(MISO, INPUT);

pinMode(IRQ, INPUT);

//attachInterrupt(1, _ISR, LOW); // interrupt enable

Serial.begin(9600);

init_io();        // Initialize IO port

unsigned char status=SPI_Read(STATUS);

Serial.print("status = ");

Serial.println(status,HEX);  // There is read the mode鈥檚 status register, the default value should be 鈥楨鈥? 

Serial.println("*****************RX_Mode start******************************R");

RX_Mode();        // set RX mode

}

void loop() 

{

for(;;)

{

  unsigned char status = SPI_Read(STATUS);         // read register STATUS's value

  if(status&RX_DR)                 // if receive data ready (TX_DS) interrupt

  {

  SPI_Read_Buf(RD_RX_PLOAD, rx_buf, TX_PLOAD_WIDTH);     // read playload to rx_buf

  SPI_RW_Reg(FLUSH_RX,0);              // clear RX_FIFO

  for(int i=0; i<32; i++)

  {

    Serial.print(" ");

    Serial.print(rx_buf[i],HEX);          // print rx_buf

  }

  Serial.println(" ");

  }

  SPI_RW_Reg(WRITE_REG+STATUS,status);         // clear RX_DR or TX_DS or MAX_RT interrupt flag

  delay(1000);

}

}



//**************************************************

// Function: init_io();

// Description:

// flash led one time,chip enable(ready to TX or RX Mode),

// Spi disable,Spi clock line init high

//**************************************************

void init_io(void)

{

digitalWrite(IRQ, 0);

digitalWrite(CE, 0);            // chip enable

digitalWrite(CSN, 1);     // Spi disable    

}



/**************************************************

* Function: SPI_RW();

* 

* Description:

* Writes one unsigned char to nRF24L01, and return the unsigned char read

* from nRF24L01 during write, according to SPI protocol

**************************************************/

unsigned char SPI_RW(unsigned char Byte)

{

unsigned char i;

for(i=0;i<8;i++)        // output 8-bit

{

  if(Byte&0x80)

  {

  digitalWrite(MOSI, 1);  // output 'unsigned char', MSB to MOSI

  }

  else

  {

  digitalWrite(MOSI, 0);

  }

  digitalWrite(SCK, 1);        // Set SCK high..

  Byte <<= 1;         // shift next bit into MSB..

  if(digitalRead(MISO) == 1)

  {

  Byte |= 1;           // capture current MISO bit

  }

  digitalWrite(SCK, 0);       // ..then set SCK low again

}

return(Byte);         // return read unsigned char

}

/**************************************************/



/**************************************************

* Function: SPI_RW_Reg();

* 

* Description:

* Writes value 'value' to register 'reg'

/**************************************************/

unsigned char SPI_RW_Reg(unsigned char reg, unsigned char value)

{

unsigned char status;



digitalWrite(CSN, 0);       // CSN low, init SPI transaction

status = SPI_RW(reg);       // select register

SPI_RW(value);        // ..and write value to it..

digitalWrite(CSN, 1);       // CSN high again



return(status);       // return nRF24L01 status unsigned char

}

/**************************************************/



/**************************************************

* Function: SPI_Read();

* 

* Description:

* Read one unsigned char from nRF24L01 register, 'reg'

/**************************************************/

unsigned char SPI_Read(unsigned char reg)

{

unsigned char reg_val;



digitalWrite(CSN, 0);   // CSN low, initialize SPI communication...

SPI_RW(reg);       // Select register to read from..

reg_val = SPI_RW(0);   // ..then read register value

digitalWrite(CSN, 1);    // CSN high, terminate SPI communication



return(reg_val);     // return register value

}

/**************************************************/



/**************************************************

* Function: SPI_Read_Buf();

* 

* Description:

* Reads 'unsigned chars' #of unsigned chars from register 'reg'

* Typically used to read RX payload, Rx/Tx address

/**************************************************/

unsigned char SPI_Read_Buf(unsigned char reg, unsigned char *pBuf, unsigned char bytes)

{

unsigned char status,i;



digitalWrite(CSN, 0);      // Set CSN low, init SPI tranaction

status = SPI_RW(reg);       // Select register to write to and read status unsigned char



for(i=0;i<bytes;i++)

{

  pBuf[i] = SPI_RW(0);  // Perform SPI_RW to read unsigned char from nRF24L01

}



digitalWrite(CSN, 1);       // Set CSN high again



return(status);      // return nRF24L01 status unsigned char

}

/**************************************************/



/**************************************************

* Function: SPI_Write_Buf();

* 

* Description:

* Writes contents of buffer '*pBuf' to nRF24L01

* Typically used to write TX payload, Rx/Tx address

/**************************************************/

unsigned char SPI_Write_Buf(unsigned char reg, unsigned char *pBuf, unsigned char bytes)

{

unsigned char status,i;



digitalWrite(CSN, 0);       // Set CSN low, init SPI tranaction

status = SPI_RW(reg);     // Select register to write to and read status unsigned char

for(i=0;i<bytes; i++)     // then write all unsigned char in buffer(*pBuf)

{

  SPI_RW(*pBuf++);

}

digitalWrite(CSN, 1);      // Set CSN high again

return(status);      // return nRF24L01 status unsigned char

}

/**************************************************/



/**************************************************

* Function: RX_Mode();

* 

* Description:

* This function initializes one nRF24L01 device to

* RX Mode, set RX address, writes RX payload width,

* select RF channel, datarate & LNA HCURR.

* After init, CE is toggled high, which means that

* this device is now ready to receive a datapacket.

/**************************************************/

void RX_Mode(void)

{

digitalWrite(CE, 0);

SPI_Write_Buf(WRITE_REG + RX_ADDR_P0, TX_ADDRESS, TX_ADR_WIDTH); // Use the same address on the RX device as the TX device

SPI_RW_Reg(WRITE_REG + EN_AA, 0x01);  // Enable Auto.Ack:Pipe0

SPI_RW_Reg(WRITE_REG + EN_RXADDR, 0x01);// Enable Pipe0

SPI_RW_Reg(WRITE_REG + RF_CH, 40);  // Select RF channel 40

SPI_RW_Reg(WRITE_REG + RX_PW_P0, TX_PLOAD_WIDTH); // Select same RX payload width as TX Payload width

SPI_RW_Reg(WRITE_REG + RF_SETUP, 0x07); // TX_PWR:0dBm, Datarate:2Mbps, LNA:HCURR

SPI_RW_Reg(WRITE_REG + CONFIG, 0x0f); // Set PWR_UP bit, enable CRC(2 unsigned chars) & Prim:RX. RX_DR enabled..

digitalWrite(CE, 1);         // Set CE pin high to enable RX device

//This device is now ready to receive one packet of 16 unsigned chars payload from a TX device sending to address

//'3443101001', with auto acknowledgment, retransmit count of 10, RF channel 40 and datarate = 2Mbps.

}

/**************************************************/

把程序分别烧进2块板子后，把发射端接一个9V的电源，接收端用USB连电脑，打开Arduino IDE 的串口监视器，就可以看到运行的结果：

捕获.PNG

2012-6-16 14:59 上传
(98.01 KB)

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糊涂塔克学习笔记01 Arduino+nRF24L01

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